1600-1900ad MUGHAL SULTAN THICK SILVER rupee COIN INDIA

1600 TO 1900 MUGHAL ANCIENT SILVER COIN INDIA,

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SIZE: 26mm, DIAMETER, AND THICKNESS,

ABOUT 11 GRAMS,

The Islamic Mughal (other spellings Mogul, Mogol, Moghul) empire was founded in 1526 by Zahir-ud-din Muhammed, "Babur" (Tiger), a chaghatai Turkish ruler of the Tamerlan family, who had invaded India several times before from his capital at Kabul before he managed to defeat Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. The list of rulers is up to the troublesome period from 1707-1719 short: Babur (1526-30), Humayun (1530-1556), Akbar (1556-1605), Jahangir (1605-27), Shah Jahan (1628-58), Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658-1707) – the history of the political entity everything but one of peace: Foreign powers posed a continuous threat; internal revolts followed with the spread into hindu kingdoms; religious and political conflicts contested the central power; last but not least: the military invader risked an enormous potential for dynastic strife being hardly able to justify its power within or without. The long and everything but stable reign of Aurangzeb brought the greatest expansion of the Mughal empire and lead into a period of bloodshed among the prospective successors: Bhadur Shah (1707-1712) who succeeded Aurangzeb had to face a Sikh revolt. His successor Jalandhar Shah (1712-1713) was killed by Farruksiyar who ascended the throne in 1713 yet turned out to be under the control of the Sayyid brothers, who had become the secret king makers. Revolts of the Rajputs, Jats and Sikhs marked his short reign till he was murdered in an intrigue instigated by the Sayyid brothers in 1719. He was followed by Muhammad Shah (1719-1798) under whose rule the territorial disintegration got on its way. Hyderabad, Avadh and Bengal established independent kingdoms. 1739 saw a Persian invasion, 1756 the looting of Delhi by an army of Ahmad Shah. The British East India Company defeated a combined Mughal and French force in 1757 and won British supremacy in Bengal (Calcutta and the surrounding area). Britain began to seize power and became India's factual ruler who could finally officially dissolve the Mughal empire in 1857.

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