1411–1442 AHMAD 1 GUJARAT AHMEDNAGAR SQR COIN INDIA 7mm

VERY RARE, LARGE COIN,

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Nasir al-Din Ahmad Shah I  1411 – 1442ad AHAMDABAD GUJRAT STATE TANKA COIN INDIA.

SIZE:18 mm AND 5mm THICKNESS,

GUJARAT AHMAD I 1411 – 42 FALS AHMEDNAGAR

Gujarat Sultanate, Nasir al-Din Ahmad Shah I (1411-1442),

Ahmedabad - The Manchester of The East

It has been said that people make a place and this is certainty true of Ahmedabad - the Manchester of the East. This industrious city is the outcome of shrewd and practical Ahmedabadi’s single-minded pursuit of business. Its political, cultural and material prosperity finds immediate and honest expression in buildings that its successive rulers planned, raised and adorned. One thing amiss here it the string of Victorian buildings attached to most of the metros in India.

A PRECISE HISTORY

The tour guide may begin with a precise date 1411 A.D. when Sultan Ahmed Shah (1411-42) founded Ahmedabad and the oft-repeated story is that of a hare chasing a hound. The Sultan,
while camping on the banks of river Sabarmati translated this unusual sight onto an auspicious omen that was further sanctioned by his patron saint. Soon the city of Ahmedabad sprang up. It incorporated the 11th century ruins of Karnavati built by the Solanki King Karna who had subdued the still earlier tribal setttlement of the Bhils called Ashaval which finds mention in Arab travelogues and Alberuni’s account of India.

The powerful Sultans of Gujarat extended patronage to raise buildings in rivalry with other kingdoms. In the process a number of buildings were erected in Gujarat, particularly in Ahmedabad, thereby establishing a rich architectural tradition which led the British envoy, Sir Thomas Roe, to acknowledge Ahmedabad as "the handsomest town in Hindustan, perhaps the world.”

Gujarat governor Muzaffar declared independence from Delhi in 1401. Two years later he was imprisoned by his son Tatar Khan, who wanted to march on Delhi; but Tatar was poisoned by his uncle Shams Khan. He restored Muzaffar, who was recognized as shah before being succeeded by his grandson Ahmad Shah (1411-43). In 1414 he began destroying Hindu temples throughout Gujarat, provoking rebellions by Hindu kings to form a league and appeal to Sultan Hushang of Malwa. Ahmad's army dispersed the Hindu kings and invaded Malwa three times by 1422 to punish Hushang. In 1426 Ahmad suppressed the resistance of Idar, whose ruler Rao Punja was killed fighting in the hills two years later. In 1429 Jhalawar king Kanha got Bahmani shah Ahmad to invade Gujarat; but after plundering Nandurbar, the Deccan army was defeated and fled to Daulatabad. The war lasted two years, and Gujarat annexed territory. During this strife Ahmad did manage to build the city of Ahmadabad. He was succeeded by his son Muhammad Shah II, who continued the battles against Hindu rebels and died in 1451. Qutb-ud-din Ahmad Shah (r. 1451-58) also fought Hindu rebellions by Maharana Kumbha and encroachment by Malwa sultan Mahmud Khalji. Sultan Qutb-ud-din invaded Mewar in 1456 and again two years later.

Ahmad's grandson Mahmud Begarha (r. 1458-1511) protected the infant Bahmani king Nizam Shah by driving off the invading Malwa forces of Mahmud Khalji in 1461. Six years later Gujarat's Mahmud Begarha invaded the territory of Girnar king Mandalika. In a second attack in 1469 Mahmud forced Mandalika to accept Islam, and his kingdom was annexed to Gujarat. Mahmud fought Hindus so often that in 1480 his advisors conspired to replace him with his son; but Mahmud promised to go on pilgrimage to Mecca and in 1482 attacked Champaner to gain the needed funds. He stayed to plunder the country and after a long siege captured Pavagarh two years later. The proud Raja Jayasimha refused to convert to Islam and was finally executed as his son accepted Islam. Mahmud renamed Champaner Muhammadabad and was called Begarha for having conquered the two forts of Girnar and Champaner. The Bahmani kingdom returned a favor by helping Begarha to suppress the piracy of Bahadur Gilani in 1494. Begarha invaded Khandesh in 1498 to force them to pay their tribute to Gujarat. Mahmud Begarha tried to limit Portuguese power by allying with Egyptian sultan Qansauh-al-Ghauri. After an initial victory at sea in 1508, the Muslim fleet was defeated the next year near the island of Diu. Begarha ended his alliance with Egypt and released Portuguese prisoners. Begarha was an intolerant Sunni and refused to receive a Persian ambassador. Begarha's son Muzaffar II (r. 1511-26) fought the Rajputs but was criticized for not punishing criminals.

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